ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology
language en

ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology

Modified on: 2025-06-30
Latest version:
http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#
Revision:
1.0.0
Authors:
Agnieszka Jędrzejewska (agnieszka.jedrzejewska@polsl.pl), Maria Laura Leonardi (mlauraleonardi@gmail.com), Carlos Ramonell Cazador (carlos.ramonell@upc.edu)
Contributors:
Daniel V. Oliveira (danvco@civil.uminho.pt)
José Granja (granja@civil.uminho.pt)
Miguel Azenha (miguel.azenha@civil.uminho.pt)
Rolando Chacón (rolando.chacon@upc.edu)
Imported Ontologies:
bot#
Download serialization:
JSON-LD RDF/XML N-Triples TTL
License:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Visualization:
Visualize with WebVowl
Cite as:
Agnieszka Jędrzejewska (agnieszka.jedrzejewska@polsl.pl), Maria Laura Leonardi (mlauraleonardi@gmail.com), Carlos Ramonell Cazador (carlos.ramonell@upc.edu). ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology. Revision: 1.0.0.
Ontology Specification Draft
The Eurocode Core Ontology (ECO) provides a formal semantic representation of foundational concepts from the Eurocodes, the European standards for structural design. It enables machine-readable interpretation of regulatory knowledge, supporting automated reasoning, semantic interoperability, and integration with engineering workflows. ECO is designed as a modular, extensible framework for use in intelligent, standards-compliant design tools within the AECO industry.
The Eurocode Core Ontology (ECO) is a formal OWL ontology that encodes the logic and terminology of the Eurocodes—a suite of harmonized European standards governing structural design and safety. These standards are central to engineering practice across Europe but are currently published only in natural language documents, which limits their utility in automated verification, compliance checking, and digital design workflows. ECO addresses this limitation by providing a machine-readable semantic model of the foundational content in Eurocode 0 (EN 1990:2002) and key concepts from Eurocode 1 (EN 1991). It captures essential constructs such as design situations, limit states, actions, combinations of actions, resistances, and structural members, along with the logic used in structural verification. The ontology supports hierarchical classification, multilingual labels, normative referencing, and quantitative modeling using standard unit systems. ECO is aligned with established vocabularies and ontologies, including QUDT (quantities and units), BFO and EMMO (top-level ontologies), SKOS (concept schemes), and built environment models such as BOT and BEO. It is designed to support inference-based validation and rule execution through SHACL, SPARQL, and SWRL, and can be extended with domain-specific modules for materials, construction types, and geometric descriptions. The ECO namespace is https://w3id.org/eurocodes/en1990, with the suggested prefix ec:. As a core vocabulary, ECO is intended to interoperate with other semantic resources to support intelligent design assistants, BIM-integrated compliance tools, and digital twins for the AECO sector. It lays the foundation for moving from document-driven interpretation of design standards to automation-ready, semantically enriched engineering.

ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology: Overview back to ToC

This ontology has the following classes and properties.

Classes

Object Properties

Data Properties

Named Individuals

ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology: Description back to ToC

Core ontology formalising knowledge from Eurocode 0 for automated structural design and verification

Cross-reference for ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology classes, object properties and data properties back to ToC

This section provides details for each class and property defined by ECO - Eurocode Core Ontology.

Classes

Acceleration effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccelerationEffect

Effect involving acceleration of the structure or structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 4.1.5(2)
has super-classes
Dynamic effect c

Accidental actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccidentalAction

Action, usually of short duration but of significant magnitude, that is unlikely to occur on a given structure during the design working life.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.5
Example 
explosions, impact from vehicles
has super-classes
Action c
has sub-classes
Seismic action c

Accidental combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccidentalCombination

Combination of actions for accidental design situations.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.3.3
has super-classes
Ultimate Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Fundamental combination c, Seismic combination c

Accidental design situationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccidentalDesignSituation

Design situation involving exceptional conditions of the structure or its exposure, including fire, explosion, impact or local failure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5
Example 
fire, explosion, impact, local failure
has super-classes
Design situation c
has members
Explosion design situation ni, Fire design situation ni, Impact design situation ni, Localized failure design situation ni

Accompanying variable actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccompanyingVariableAction

Variable action that accompanies the leading action in a combination.
Source
EN 1990:2002 Section 1.5.3.19)
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Leading variable action c

Actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Action

Set of forces (loads) applied to the structure (direct action) or set of imposed deformations or accelerations caused for example, by temperature changes, moisture variation, uneven settlement or earthquakes (indirect action).
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.1
Example 
dead load, imopsed load, wind load, thermal action
has super-classes
B F O 0000140 c, Quantity c
has sub-classes
Accidental action c, Design action c, Direct action c, Dynamic action c, Fatigue action c, Favourable action c, Fixed action c, Free action c, Geotechnical action c, Indirect action c, Permanent action c, Representative action c, Static action c, UnfavourableAction action c, Variable action c
is in domain of
applies to op

Angular deformationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AngularDeformation

Deformation involving rotation or angular change in the structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Deformation c
has sub-classes
Rotation c, Twist c
is disjoint with
Linear deformation c, Volumetric Deformation c

Axial forcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AxialForce

Internal force acting along the axis of structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Internal force c

Bending momentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#BendingMoment

Internal moment causing bending in structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Internal force c

Bending moment resistancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#BendingMomentResistance

Design value of the maximum bending moment that a structural cross-section can safely resist without failure.
has super-classes
Resistance c

Buildingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Building

has super-classes
Construction works c
has sub-classes
Residential building c
is same as
Building ni
is also defined as
named individual

Category A - domestic and residentialc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Residential

Area for domestic and residential activities
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
rooms in residential buildings and houses, bedrooms and wards in hospitals, bedrooms in hotels and hostels, kitchens and toilets
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category B - office areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#OfficeArea

Office area
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
General office spaces
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category C - congregation areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CongregationArea

Area where people may congregate (except areas under category A, B, and D)
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c
has sub-classes
Category C1 - areas with tables c, Category C2 - areas with fixed seats c, Category C3 - areas without obstacles c, Category C4 - physical activities areas c, Category C5 - large crowds areas c

Category C1 - areas with tablesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AreaWithTables

Area with tables
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
areas in schools, cafés, restaurants, dining halls, reading rooms, receptions
has super-classes
Category C - congregation areas c

Category C2 - areas with fixed seatsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AreasWithFixedSeats

Area with fixed seats
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
areas in churches, theatres or cinemas, conference rooms, lecture halls, assembly halls, waiting rooms, railway waiting rooms
has super-classes
Category C - congregation areas c

Category C3 - areas without obstaclesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AreasWithoutObstacle

Area without obstacles for moving people
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
areas in museums, exhibition rooms, etc. and access areas in public and administration buildings, hotels, hospitals, railway station forecourts
has super-classes
Category C - congregation areas c

Category C4 - physical activities areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#PhysicalActivitiesAreas

Area with possible physical activities
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
dance halls, gymnastic rooms, stages
has super-classes
Category C - congregation areas c

Category C5 - large crowds areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LargeCrowdsAreas

Area susceptible to large crowds
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
buildings for public events like concert halls, sports halls including stands, terraces and access areas and railway platforms
has super-classes
Category C - congregation areas c

Category D - shopping areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ShoppingAreas

Shopping area
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c
has sub-classes
Category D1 - general retail shops c, Category D2 - department stores c

Category D1 - general retail shopsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#GeneralRetailShops

Area in general retail shops
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
general retail shops
has super-classes
Category D - shopping areas c

Category D2 - department storesc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DepartmentStore

Area in department stores
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
Example 
department stores
has super-classes
Category D - shopping areas c

Category E - storage and industrialc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#IndustrialandStorage

Storage and industrial area
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.3
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c
has sub-classes
Category E1 - storage areas c, Category E2 - industrial use c

Category E1 - storage areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#StorageAreas

Area susceptible to accumulation of goods, including access areas
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.3
Example 
areas for storage use including storage of books and other documents: archives, libraries, stockrooms
has super-classes
Category E - storage and industrial c

Category E2 - industrial usec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#IndustrialUse

Industrial use area
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.3
Example 
industrial facilities: plant rooms, workshops
has super-classes
Category E - storage and industrial c

Category F - light vehicle trafficc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LightVehicleTraffic

Traffic and parking area for light vehicles (≤ 30 kN gross vehicle weight and ≤ 8 seats not including driver)
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.7
Example 
garages, parking areas, parking halls
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category G - medium vehicle trafficc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#MediumVehicleTraffic

Traffic and parking area for medium vehicles (>30 kN, ≤ 160 kN gross vehicle weight, on 2 axles)
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.7
Example 
access routes, delivery zones, zones accessible to fire engines (≤ 160 kN gross vehicle weight)
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category H - roofsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Roof

Roof not accessible except for normal maintenance and repair
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.9
Example 
roofs accessible only for maintenance
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category I - accessible roofsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AccessibleRoofs

Roof accessible with occupancy according to categories A to G
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.9
Example 
Roof used as terraces, gardens, or other occupied spaces
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Category K - helicopter landing areasc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#HelicopterLandingAreas

Roof accessible for special services, such as helicopter landing areas
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.9
Example 
helicopter landing pads on roofs
has super-classes
Eurocode zone c

Characteristic combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CharacteristicCombination

Serviceability combination normally used for irreversible limit states.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.5.3(2)a
has super-classes
Serviceability Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Frequent combination c, Quasi-permanent combination c

Characteristic valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CharacteristicValue

A statistically defined value of a physical quantity with a specified probability of non-exceedance.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has characteristic value op

Civil engineering workc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CivilEngineeringWork

Type of construction work for civil engineering purposes such as bridges, retaining walls, etc.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.2
Example 
bridge, retaining wall, tunnel
has super-classes
Construction works c

Combination of actionsc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CombinationOfActions

Set of design values used for the verification of the structural reliability for a limit state under the simultaneous influence of different actions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.22
has super-classes
B F O 0000140 c
has sub-classes
Serviceability Limit State combination c, Ultimate Limit State combination c
is in domain of
causes effect op, uses action value op
is in range of
imposes combination op, is verified for op

Compressive strengthc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CompressiveStrength

Compressive strength of a material.
has super-classes
Material property c

Concretec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Concrete

A composite material consisting of a mixture of cement, water, aggregates (coarse and fine), and, where appropriate, admixtures and additions, which develops its strength by hydration of the cement.
has super-classes
Material c

Construction worksc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ConstructionWork

Everything that is constructed or results from construction operations. The term covers both building and civil engineering works comprising structural, non-structural and geotechnical elements.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.1
Example 
building, bridge, nuclea power plant
has super-classes
B F O 0000040 c
has sub-classes
Building c, Civil engineering work c
is in domain of
has structure op

Creep effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CreepEffect

Long-term deformation effect due to sustained loading.
has super-classes
Time-dependent effect c

Dead loadc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DeadLoad

.
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002
has super-classes
Permanent action c

Deflectionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Deflection

Vertical deflction of a structural member.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.6
has super-classes
Linear deformation c

Deformationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Deformation

Change in shape or size of a structure or structural member due to actions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Deformation effect c
has sub-classes
Angular deformation c, Linear deformation c, Volumetric Deformation c

Deformation effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DeformationEffect

Effect of actions in the form of deformations of the structure or structural members.
has super-classes
Effect of action c
has sub-classes
Deformation c

Densityc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Density

Mass per unit volume of a material.
has super-classes
Material property c

Design actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DesignAction

Value ofan action used for limit state verification. A design valueo is btained by multiplying the representative value by the partial factor.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.21
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Representative action c

Design situationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DesignSituation

Sets of physical conditions representing the real conditions occurring during a certain time interval for which the design will demonstrate that relevant limit states are not exceeded.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.2
has sub-classes
Accidental design situation c, Persistent design situation c, Seismic design situation c, Transient design situation c
is in domain of
imposes combination op, requires verification of op
is in range of
is designed for op

Design valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DesignValue

A value used in structural design verification, derived from a representative value (typically characteristic) through application of partial safety factors.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has design value op

Direct actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DirectAction

Set of forces (loads) applied to the structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.1 a)
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Indirect action c

Displacementc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Displacement

Horizontal displacement of a structure or structural member.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.6
has super-classes
Linear deformation c

Dynamic actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DynamicAction

Action that causes significant acceleration of the structure or structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.12
has super-classes
Action c
has sub-classes
Quasi-static action c
is disjoint with
Static action c

Dynamic effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#DynamicEffect

Effect of actions involving dynamic response, acceleration, or vibration.
has super-classes
Effect of action c
has sub-classes
Acceleration effect c, Vibration response c

Effect of actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#EffectOfAction

Effect of actions on structural members (e.g. internal force, moment, stress, strain) or on the whole structure (e.g. deflection, rotation).
editorial note
Effects of actions can be calculated through structural analysis and must be compared against resistance for verification
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
Example 
internal force, moment, stress, strain, deflection, rotation
has super-classes
B F O 0000140 c, Quantity c
has sub-classes
Deformation effect c, Dynamic effect c, Mechanical effect c, Reaction c, Time-dependent effect c
is in range of
causes effect op, has effect op, has limit state value op

Eurocode zonec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#EurocodeZone

A space classified according to EN 1991-1-1 usage categories
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002 Table 6.1
has super-classes
B F O 0000040 c, Zone c
has sub-classes
Category A - domestic and residential c, Category B - office areas c, Category C - congregation areas c, Category D - shopping areas c, Category E - storage and industrial c, Category F - light vehicle traffic c, Category G - medium vehicle traffic c, Category H - roofs c, Category I - accessible roofs c, Category K - helicopter landing areas c

Fatigue actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FatigueAction

Repeated or fluctuating mechanical action applied over time, which may cause failure even if the individual stress cycles are below the material's static strength.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.7
has super-classes
Action c

Fatigue effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FatigueEffect

Progressive damage effect due to repeated loading cycles.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 3.1(5)
has super-classes
Time-dependent effect c

Favourable actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FavourableAction

Action that reduces the effect of other actions on a structure, or otherwise contributes to structural safety.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.3.2(3)P
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
UnfavourableAction action c

Fixed actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FixedAction

Action that has a fixed distribution and position over the structure or structural member such that the magnitude and direction of the action are determined unambiguously for the whole structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.8
Example 
Stored goods in a defined storage area with no alternative placement
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Free action c

Free actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FreeAction

Action that may have various spatial distributions over the structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.9
Example 
Imposed floor load on individual rooms of a multi-storey building
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Fixed action c

Frequent combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FrequentCombination

Serviceability combination normally used for reversible limit states.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.5.3(2)b
has super-classes
Serviceability Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Characteristic combination c, Quasi-permanent combination c

Fundamental combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FundamentalCombination

Combination of actions for persistent or transient design situations.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.3.2
has super-classes
Ultimate Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Accidental combination c, Seismic combination c

Geometrical datac back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#GeometricalProperty

Geometrical properties and dimensions of structural elements.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 4.3
has super-classes
B F O 0000019 c, Quantity c
has sub-classes
Thickness c
is in range of
has geometrical property op

Geotechnical actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#GeotechnicalAction

Action transmitted to the structure by the ground, fill or groundwater.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.7
has super-classes
Action c

Imposed loadc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ImposedLoad

Loads that is not permanent and arise from the intended use or occupancy of the structure.
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Snow load c, Thermal action c, Wind action c

Indirect actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#IndirectAction

Set of imposed deformations or accelerations caused for example, by temperature changes, moisture variation, uneven settlement or earthquakes.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.1 b)
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Direct action c

Internal forcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#InternalForce

Effect of actions in the form of internal forces in structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Mechanical effect c
has sub-classes
Axial force c, Bending moment c, Shear force c, Torsional moment c

Leading variable actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LeadingVariableAction

Variable action that, in a particular combination of actions, has the most significant effect on the design outcome and is considered as the primary representative of the variable actions in that combination.
Source
EN 1990:2002 Section 6.4.3.1(2)
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Accompanying variable action c

Limit statec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LimitState

State beyond which the structure no longer fulfils the relevant design criteria.
editorial note
Limit states define critical conditions that must not be exceeded to ensure structural safety and serviceability
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.12
has sub-classes
Serviceability Limit State c, Ultimate Limit State c
is in domain of
is satisfied dp, is verified for op
is in range of
for limit state op, requires verification of op

Limit state valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LimitStateValue

Design resistance or serviceability criterion used for verificatinon of a limit state.
has super-classes
Quantity c
has sub-classes
Limiting serviceability criterion c, Resistance c
is in domain of
for limit state op, has limit state value op
is in range of
has limit state value op

Limiting serviceability criterionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LimitingServicabilityCriterion

Limiting design value of the relevant serviceability criterion.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.5.1
Example 
allowable deflection, allowable crack width
has super-classes
Limit state value c

Linear deformationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LinearDeformation

Deformation involving linear displacement of points in the structure.
has super-classes
Deformation c
has sub-classes
Deflection c, Displacement c
is disjoint with
Angular deformation c, Volumetric Deformation c

Lower bound valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LowerBoundValue

A conservative or code-specified minimum value of a physical quantity, used to ensure safety under unfavorable conditions.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has lower bound value op

Materialc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Material

Indication of the principal structural material.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.3
has sub-classes
Concrete c
is in domain of
has material property op
is in range of
is made of op

Material propertyc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#MaterialProperty

Physical or mechanical property of construction materials.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 4.2
has super-classes
B F O 0000019 c, Quantity c
has sub-classes
Compressive strength c, Density c
is in range of
has material property op

Mean valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#MeanValue

Arithmetic average of a set of observations; used to represent the expected or central value of a physical quantity in structural design.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has mean value op

Mechanical effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#MechanicalEffect

Effect of actions in the form of forces, stresses, or strains in structural members.
has super-classes
Effect of action c
has sub-classes
Internal force c, Strain c, Stress c

Nominal valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#NominalValue

A conventional or assigned value of a physical quantity used for reference in design.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has nominal value op

Normal stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#NormalStress

Stress acting in the direction normal to a surface.
has super-classes
Stress c

Permanent actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#PermanentAction

Action that is likely to act throughout a given reference period and for which the variation in magnitude with time is negligible, or for which the variation is always in the same direction (monotonic) until the action attains a certain limit value.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.3
Example 
self-weight, fixed equipment
has super-classes
Action c
has sub-classes
Dead load c, Self-weight c
is disjoint with
Variable action c

Persistent design situationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#PersistentDesignSituation

Design situation that is relevant during a period of the same order as the design working life of the structure. Generally refers to conditions of normal use.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.4
has super-classes
Design situation c

Principal stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#PrincipalStress

Maximum or minimum normal stress at a point.
has super-classes
Stress c

Quasi-permanent combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#QuasiPermanentCombination

Serviceability combination normally used for long-term effects and the appearance of the structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.5.3(2)c
has super-classes
Serviceability Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Characteristic combination c, Frequent combination c

Quasi-static actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#QuasiStaticAction

Dynamic action represented by an equivalent static action in a static model.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.13
has super-classes
Dynamic action c

Reactionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Reaction

Support reaction force or moment at structural supports.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Effect of action c

Representative actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#RepresentativeAction

Value ofan action used for limit state verification. A representative value may be the characteristic value or an accompanying value.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.20
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Design action c

Representative valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#RepresentativeValue

A value that approximates a physical parameter in a way that reflects its expected role in structural analysis or verification.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has representative value op

Residential buildingc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ResidentialBuilding

Building intended primarily for the accommodation and permanent or temporary residence of individuals or households.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.2
Example 
detached house, apartment building, high-rise residential tower
has super-classes
Building c

Resistancec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Resistance

Capacity of a member or component, or a cross-section of a member or component of a structure, to withstand actions without mechanical failure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.15
Example 
bending resistance, buckling resistance, tension resistance
has super-classes
Limit state value c
has sub-classes
Bending moment resistance c

Rotationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Rotation

Angular rotation of a structure or structural member.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Angular deformation c

Seismic actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SeismicAction

Action that arises due to earthquake ground motions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.6
has super-classes
Accidental action c

Seismic combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SeismicCombination

Combination of actions for seismic design situations.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.3.4
has super-classes
Ultimate Limit State combination c
is disjoint with
Accidental combination c, Fundamental combination c

Seismic design situationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SeismicDesignSituation

Design situation involving exceptional conditions of the structure when subjected to a seismic event.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.7
has super-classes
Design situation c

Self-weightc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SelfWeight

Weight of the structure itself, including all permanent construction elements, finishes, fixed equipment, and any other permanently attached components.
Source
EN 1991-1-1:2002
has super-classes
Permanent action c

Serviceability Limit Statec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ServiceabilityLimitState

State that correspond to conditions beyond which specified service requirements for a structure or structural member are no longer met.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.14
has super-classes
Limit state c
has members
Irreversible Serviceability Limit State ni, Reversible Serviceability Limit State ni
is disjoint with
Ultimate Limit State c

Serviceability Limit State combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SLSCombination

Combinations of actions for verifying serviceability limit states.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.5.3
has super-classes
Combination of actions c
has sub-classes
Characteristic combination c, Frequent combination c, Quasi-permanent combination c
is disjoint with
Ultimate Limit State combination c

Shear forcec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ShearForce

Internal force acting perpendicular to the axis of structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Internal force c

Shear stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ShearStress

Stress acting in the direction parallel (tangential) to a surface.
has super-classes
Stress c

Shrinkage effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ShrinkageEffect

Deformation effect due to material shrinkage over time.
has super-classes
Time-dependent effect c

Snow loadc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#SnowLoad

Variable climatic action caused by the accumulation of snow on the surface of structures.
Source
EN 1991-1-3:2003
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Imposed load c, Thermal action c, Wind action c

Static actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#StaticAction

Action that does not cause significant acceleration of the structure or structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.11
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Dynamic action c

Strainc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Strain

Deformation per unit length in structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Mechanical effect c

Stressc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Stress

Internal stress in structural members due to actions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Mechanical effect c
has sub-classes
Normal stress c, Principal stress c, Shear stress c

Structural memberc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#StructuralMember

Physically distinguishable part of a structure, e.g. a column, a beam, a slab, a foundation pile.
Source
EN 1990:200, Section 1.5.1.7
Example 
column, beam, slab, foundation pile
has super-classes
B F O 0000040 c, Building element c
is in domain of
has effect op, has geometrical property op, has limit state value op, is designed for op, is made of op
is in range of
applies to op, contains structural member op, has structural member op

Structural systemc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#StructuralSystem

Load-bearing members of a building or civil engineering works and the way in which these members function together.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.9
Example 
Flat-slab system with drop panels, steel potal frame, cable-stayed bridge system, trussed roof system
has super-classes
B F O 0000040 c
is in domain of
contains structural member op
is in range of
has system op

Structurec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Structure

Organised combination of connected parts designed to carry loads and provide adequate rigidity.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.1.6
Example 
Residential building, reatining wall, suspension bridge, underground tunnel
has super-classes
B F O 0000040 c
is in domain of
has design working life dp, has system op
is in range of
has structure op
has members
Agricultural structure ni, Bridge structure ni, Building structure ni, Civil engineering structure ni, Monumental building structure ni, Structure with replaceable elements ni, Temporary structure ni

Thermal actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ThermalAction

Actions that arises from the changes of temperature fields within a specified time interval.
Source
EN 1991-1-5:2003, Section 1.5.1
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Imposed load c, Snow load c, Wind action c

Thicknessc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Thickness

Dimension of a structural element measured perpendicular to its plane or surface.
has super-classes
Geometrical data c

Time-dependent effectc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#TimeDependentEffect

Effect of actions that varies with time due to material behavior or other time-related factors.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 3.1(5)
has super-classes
Effect of action c
has sub-classes
Creep effect c, Fatigue effect c, Shrinkage effect c

Torsional momentc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#TorsionalMoment

Internal moment causing twisting in structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.2
has super-classes
Internal force c

Transient design situationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#TransientDesignSituation

Design situation that is relevant during a period much shorter than the design working life of the structure and which has a high probability of occurrence, e.g. during construction or repair.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.3
Example 
construction phase, repair operations
has super-classes
Design situation c
has members
Execution ni, Repair ni

Twistc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Twist

Angular deformation about the longitudinal axis.
has super-classes
Angular deformation c

Ultimate Limit Statec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#UltimateLimitState

State associated with collapse or with other similar forms of structural failure. They generally correspond to the maximum load-carrying resistance of a structure or structural member.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.13
has super-classes
Limit state c
has members
Fatigue failure ni, Geotechnical failure ni, Hydraulic failure ni, Static equilibrium ni, Structural resistance ni, Uplift failure ni
is disjoint with
Serviceability Limit State c

Ultimate Limit State combinationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ULSCombination

Combination of actions for verifying ultimate limit states.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.3
has super-classes
Combination of actions c
has sub-classes
Accidental combination c, Fundamental combination c, Seismic combination c
is disjoint with
Serviceability Limit State combination c

UnfavourableAction actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#UnfavourableAction

An action that increases the effect of other actions on a structure, or otherwise reduces structural safety.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.3.2(3)P
has super-classes
Action c
is disjoint with
Favourable action c

Upper bound valuec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#UpperBoundValue

A conservative or code-specified maximum value of a physical quantity, used to limit overestimation of capacity or underestimation of actions.
has super-classes
Quantity Value c
is in range of
has upper bound value op

Variable actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#VariableAction

Action for which the variation in magnitude with time is neither negligible nor monotonic.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.4
Example 
imposed loads, wind, snow, thermal actions
has super-classes
Action c
has sub-classes
Accompanying variable action c, Imposed load c, Leading variable action c, Snow load c, Thermal action c, Wind action c
is disjoint with
Permanent action c

Vibration responsec back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#VibrationResponse

Dynamic response of structures to oscillatory actions, important for serviceability considerations.
has super-classes
Dynamic effect c

Volumetric Deformationc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#VolumetricDeformation

Deformation involving change in volume of structural elements.
has super-classes
Deformation c
is disjoint with
Angular deformation c, Linear deformation c

Wind actionc back to ToC or Class ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#WindAction

Variable climatic action resulting from the movement of air relative to the surface of the Earth. These action acts as external pressure or suction on surfaces and can also induce internal pressure.
Source
EN 1991-1-4:2005
has super-classes
Variable action c
is disjoint with
Imposed load c, Snow load c, Thermal action c

Object Properties

applies toop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#appliesTo

Relates an action to the structural member or structure it acts upon.
has domain
Action c
has range
Structural member c

causes effectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#causesEffect

Relates a combination of actions to the effects it causes in the structure.
has domain
Combination of actions c
has range
Effect of action c

contains structural memberop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#containsStructuralMember

Relates a a structural element with the structural system.
has super-properties
has element op
has domain
Structural system c
has range
Structural member c

for limit stateop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#forLimitState

Relates a limit state value with its corresponding limit state.
has domain
Limit state value c
has range
Limit state c

has characteristic valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasCharacteristicValue

Relates a Quantity with its Characteristic Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Characteristic value c

has design valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasDesignValue

Relates a Quantity with its Design Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Design value c

has effectop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasEffect

Relates a structural member to the effect of action.
has domain
Structural member c
has range
Effect of action c

has geometrical propertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasGeometricalProperty

Relates a structural member with its geometrical properties.
has domain
Structural member c
has range
Geometrical data c

has limit state valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasLimitStateValue

Relates a structural member to its capacity for the effect of action.
has domain
Structural member c
has range
Limit state value c

has limit state valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#verifiedAgainstEffect

Relates a limitstate value with the Action Effect that needs to be verified against.
has domain
Limit state value c
has range
Effect of action c

has lower bound valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasLowerBoundValue

Relates a Quantity with its Lower Bound Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Lower bound value c

has material propertyop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasMaterialProperty

Relates a material with its properties.
has domain
Material c
has range
Material property c

has mean valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasMeanValue

Relates a Quantity with its Mean Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Mean value c

has nominal valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasNominalValue

Relates a Quantity with its Nominal Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Nominal value c

has representative valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasRepresentativeValue

Relates a Quantity with its Representative Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Representative value c

has structural memberop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasStructuralMember

Relates a a structural element with the zone.
has super-properties
has element op
has domain
Zone c
has range
Structural member c

has structureop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasStructure

Relates a contrution work with the structure.
has super-properties
has element op
has domain
Construction works c
has range
Structure c

has systemop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasSystem

Relates a structure with its structural system.
has domain
Structure c
has range
Structural system c

has upper bound valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasUpperBoundValue

Relates a Quantity with its Upper Bound Value.
has super-properties
quantity Value op
has domain
Quantity c
has range
Upper bound value c

imposes combinationop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#imposesCombination

Relates a design situation to the relevant combination.
has domain
Design situation c
has range
Combination of actions c

is designed forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#isDesignedFor

Relates a structural memeber with the design situation it is designed for.
has domain
Structural member c
has range
Design situation c

is made ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#isMadeOf

Relates a structural member to the material which it is made of.
has domain
Structural member c
has range
Material c

is verified forop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#isVerifiedFor

Relates a limit state to the combination of actions used for its verification.
has domain
Limit state c
has range
Combination of actions c

requires verification ofop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#requiresVerficationOf

Relates a limit state to the combination of actions used for its verification.
has domain
Design situation c
has range
Limit state c

uses action valueop back to ToC or Object Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#usesActionValue

Relates a combination of actions to the individual actions it contains.
has domain
Combination of actions c
has range
Quantity Value c

Data Properties

has combination factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasCombinationFactor

Factor for combination value of a variable action used in ultimate limit state verifications.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.16
has range
decimal

has design working lifedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasDesignWorkingLife

Period during which a structure or structural component is intended to remain functional and to fulfill its performance requirements without major repair or replacement, assuming appropriate maintenance.
has domain
Structure c
has range
decimal

has frequent factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasFrequentFactor

Factor for frequent value of a variable action, determined so that either the total time within the reference period during which it is exceeded is only a small given part of the reference period, or the frequency of it being exceeded is limited to a given value.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.17
has range
decimal

has nationally defined valuedp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasNationallyDefinedValue

Defines whether parameter has specific value defined in NA.
has range
boolean

has partial factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasPartialFactor

Safety factor applied to actions or material properties to account for uncertainties.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.3.1
has range
decimal

has quasi-permanent factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasQuasiPermanentFactor

Factor for quasi-permanent value of a variable action, determined so that the total period of time for which it will be exceeded is a large fraction of the reference period.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.3.18
has range
decimal

has reduction factordp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#hasReductionFactor

Reduction factor for unfavourable permanent action.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.3.2
has range
decimal

is satisfieddp back to ToC or Data Property ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#isSatisfied

Result of verification of the limit state.
has domain
Limit state c
has range
boolean

Named Individuals

Agricultural structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#AgriculturalStructure

A building or construction primarily designed and used for farming-related activities.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "A building or construction primarily designed and used for farming-related activities."
example ap "barn, greenhouse, animal shelter"

Bridge structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#BridgeStructure

Engineered construction designed to span physical obstacles such as rivers, valleys, roads, or railways, providing a safe passage for vehicles, pedestrians, or utilities.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Engineered construction designed to span physical obstacles such as rivers, valleys, roads, or railways, providing a safe passage for vehicles, pedestrians, or utilities."
example ap "beam bridge, arch bridge, suspension bridge"

Buildingni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Building

is same as
Building ni
has facts
same As ep Building ni
is also defined as
class

Building structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#BuildingStructure

Load-bearing framework or system designed to support and transfer all applied loads safely to the foundation and ultimately to the ground.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Load-bearing framework or system designed to support and transfer all applied loads safely to the foundation and ultimately to the ground."
example ap "masonry building, steel frame building, timber-framed house"

Civil engineering structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#CivilEngineeringStructure

Constructed system composed of interconnected physical elements designed, analyzed, and built to withstand environmental and operational loads, enabling the provision of essential services such as transport, shelter, water management, or energy distribution.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Constructed system composed of interconnected physical elements designed, analyzed, and built to withstand environmental and operational loads, enabling the provision of essential services such as transport, shelter, water management, or energy distribution."
example ap "dam, tunnel, airport, retaining wall, power station, road"

Executionni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Execution

Transient design situation during execution of a construction work.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 3.2(2)P
belongs to
Transient design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 3.2(2)P"
definition ap "Transient design situation during execution of a construction work."

Explosion design situationni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ExplosionDesignSituation

Accidental design situation involving explosion conditions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5
belongs to
Accidental design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5"
definition ap "Accidental design situation involving explosion conditions."

Fatigue failureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FAT

Fatigue failure of the structure or structural members.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P d)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P d)"
definition ap "Fatigue failure of the structure or structural members."

Fire design situationni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#FireDesignSituation

Accidental design situation involving fire conditions requiring specific design considerations.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5 & 6
belongs to
Accidental design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5 & 6"
definition ap "Accidental design situation involving fire conditions requiring specific design considerations."

Geotechnical failureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#GEO

Failure or excessive deformation of the ground where the strengths of soil or rock are significant in providing resistance.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P c)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P c)"
definition ap "Failure or excessive deformation of the ground where the strengths of soil or rock are significant in providing resistance."

Hydraulic failureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#HYD

Hydraulic heave, internal erosion and piping in the ground caused by hydraulic gradients.
Source
EN 1990:2002/A1:2005, Section 6.4.1(1)P f)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002/A1:2005, Section 6.4.1(1)P f)"
definition ap "Hydraulic heave, internal erosion and piping in the ground caused by hydraulic gradients."

Impact design situationni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ImpactDesignSituation

Accidental design situation involving impact conditions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5
belongs to
Accidental design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5"
definition ap "Accidental design situation involving impact conditions."

Irreversible Serviceability Limit Stateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ISLS

Serviceability limit state where some consequences of actions exceeding the specified service requirements will remain when the actions are removed.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.14.1
belongs to
Serviceability Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.14.1"
definition ap "Serviceability limit state where some consequences of actions exceeding the specified service requirements will remain when the actions are removed."

Localized failure design situationni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#LocalizedFailureDesignSituation

Accidental design situation involving local failure conditions.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5
belongs to
Accidental design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.5"
definition ap "Accidental design situation involving local failure conditions."

Monumental building structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#MonumentalBuldingStructure

Large-scale, architecturally significant structure designed to serve as a landmark, memorial, or symbol of cultural, historical, or civic importance.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Large-scale, architecturally significant structure designed to serve as a landmark, memorial, or symbol of cultural, historical, or civic importance."
example ap "national parliment building, museum of significant importance, major cathedral"

Repairni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#Repair

Transient design situation during repair of a construction work.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 3.2(2)P
belongs to
Transient design situation c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 3.2(2)P"
definition ap "Transient design situation during repair of a construction work."

Reversible Serviceability Limit Stateni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#RSLS

Serviceability limit state where no consequences of actions exceeding the specified service requirements will remain when the actions are removed.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.14.2
belongs to
Serviceability Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 1.5.2.14.2"
definition ap "Serviceability limit state where no consequences of actions exceeding the specified service requirements will remain when the actions are removed."

Static equilibriumni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#EQU

Loss of static equilibrium of the structure or any part of it considered as a rigid body.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P a)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P a)"
definition ap "Loss of static equilibrium of the structure or any part of it considered as a rigid body."

Structural resistanceni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#STR

Internal failure or excessive deformation of the structure or structural members where the strength of construction materials governs.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P b)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Section 6.4.1(1)P b)"
definition ap "Internal failure or excessive deformation of the structure or structural members where the strength of construction materials governs."

Structure with replaceable elementsni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#ReplacableStructuralElements

Structure designed such that certain primary or secondary structural components can be removed, replaced, or upgraded during its service life without compromising the overall stability, integrity, or usability of the structure.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Structure designed such that certain primary or secondary structural components can be removed, replaced, or upgraded during its service life without compromising the overall stability, integrity, or usability of the structure."
example ap "modular steel bridge with replaceable girders, industrial building with precast concrete roof panels"

Temporary structureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#TemporaryStructure

Structre that is intended to be used for a limited period of time, typically to support, protect, or provide access during the execution of permanent works, or to serve a short-term purpose.
Source
EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1
belongs to
Structure c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002, Table 2.1"
definition ap "Structre that is intended to be used for a limited period of time, typically to support, protect, or provide access during the execution of permanent works, or to serve a short-term purpose."
example ap "formwork system, steel scaffolding, temoprary bridge"

Uplift failureni back to ToC or Named Individual ToC

IRI: http://www.w3id.org/eurocodes/ec1990#UPL

Loss of equilibrium of the structure or the ground due to uplift by water pressure (buoyancy) or other vertical actions.
Source
EN 1990:2002/A1:2005, Section 6.4.1(1)P e)
belongs to
Ultimate Limit State c
has facts
source ap "EN 1990:2002/A1:2005, Section 6.4.1(1)P e)"
definition ap "Loss of equilibrium of the structure or the ground due to uplift by water pressure (buoyancy) or other vertical actions."

Legend back to ToC

c: Classes
op: Object Properties
dp: Data Properties
ni: Named Individuals
ep: External Properties

References back to ToC

Add your references here. It is recommended to have them as a list.

Acknowledgments back to ToC

The authors would like to thank Silvio Peroni for developing LODE, a Live OWL Documentation Environment, which is used for representing the Cross Referencing Section of this document and Daniel Garijo for developing Widoco, the program used to create the template used in this documentation.